Joko Riskiyono’s work records and concludes that the enactment of the norms contained in Law No. 15 of 2011 took place in a political environment where political parties were competing and negotiating for power. While public actors were actively involved in following the legislative process and contributing to the substance of the law, their input received limited consideration from the government.
As a result, the legal norms that emerged did not adequately reflect the broader legal needs of society as envisioned by the Constitution. This situation demonstrates how the representative function entrusted to the House of Representatives (DPR) was, in practice, diverted from representing the interests of the people at large to serving the interests of a limited group of political elites, particularly in the formulation of Law No. 15 of 2011.
